Cigarette paper



Patented Jan. 1, 1952 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CIGARETTE PAPERRobinson E. Matthews, Brevard, N. 0. and Ward D. Harrison, Milford, N.J., assignors to Ecusta Paper Corporation, a porporationof Delaware NoDrawing. Application May 16, 1950,

Serial No. 162,402

Our invention relates to cigarette paper and more particularly toimproving the ashing properties of cigarette paper when burned as thewrapper on a cigarette.

A desirable paper ash one that has a minimum of carbonized orincompletely burned residue, has a grayish-white color, adheres to thetobacco ash and thereby avoids dropping of ashes on the smokersclothing, but is nevertheless easily fiickable at the will of thesmoker. The usual cigarette produces black, curling ashes thatfall fromthe cigarette onto the smokers clothing.

In accordance with the present invention, we have discovered thatmarkedly improved ashing properties of cigarettes may be obtained byapplying to or introducing in the cigarette paper a controlled, smallamount of ammonium phosphate, with or without the addition of ammoniumsulfate. This efiectsa completely burned, uniform, gray-white ashthatmerges with the tobacco ash and appears as anintegral part thereof.This ash has the desirable prop rty of being easily disintegrated orflicked at the smokers wish, but yet is sufficiently cohesive to preventaccidental falling onto the smckers clothing. Furthermore, it is free ofthe numerous black curl ng particles that characterize the usualincompletely burned cigarette paper ash.

The ammonium phosphate, which provides the improved as'hing propertiescharacteristic .of ,our invention, may be either ,mono or di-am moniumphosphate, or both, and may be applied in aqueous solution. In somecases we have found it advantageous to use ammonium sulfate inconjunction with the ammonium phosphate, in aqueous solution.

The aqueous solution may be applied to the paper by immersion, spraying,coating or sizepress impregnation. For certain commercial applicationswe have found it advantageous to apply the solution at the size press ofthe paper machine, to the partially dried paper web. in general, theapplication may be made at any point on the paper machine. Also, ifdesired, the solution may be applied to dry or substantially dry paper,either at the end of the drying section of the paper machine or as aseparate operation on finished paper. In some instances we have found itadvantageous to apply the solu tion to fairly wet paper, or papercontaining a substantial moisture content. The moist paper is conduciveto more uniform impregnation thereof by the solution and also permitsgreater concentration of chemicals in the aqueous solution which isapplied to the paper, thereby efiecting ec m n dryin We ha e 1 3 113 51results using a conventional size-press applies. tion of the solution toa running was; thesesrette paper containing beforehand about 50%moisture, and after size-press treatment with the aqueous phosphatesolution about moisture,

and then drying the treated paper. I

When the aqueous solution of ammonium phosphate is used alone foraddition to thewet paper, the amount of ammonium phosphate, on a dryweight basis, may vary from about 0.1% to expressed as P04. In the usualcase the amqunt of ammonium phosphate, on a dry weightbasis, will varyfrom about 0.2% to about 0.4%, expressed as P04.

When ammonium sulfate is used coniunm tion-with the ammonium phosphate,the amount f mm n m sulfate may va y lf a iabal i 9-; xpr ss d as $04,and a ,tvs calam pe The percentages given hereinaboye for the ammoniumph t wh n used a o e and for t ammonium phosphate and ammonium sulfate,when used together, provide the desiredashi-ng properties in thecigarette paper hut-do not ,adversely affect the oombustibility of thepaper when usedas the wrapperonacigarette.

In commercial practice we have obtained. good results with treatingsolution containing the following ingredients and proportions:

Ammonium sulfate, 50%, e. g" 1.57 pounds Mono ammonium phosphate, 40%,e. g., 1.26

pounds Di-ammonium phosphate, 10%, e. g., 0.31 pound Water, 50 gallonsThis aqueous solution, which is practically water clear, will serve totreat, by size-press application, a running moist web of cigarette paperfor suflicient time to produce 500 pounds of treated paper having aweight of about 21 grams per square meter of paper.

Substantially equivalent results have been obtained with two othersolutions like the above, except in one instance mono ammonium phosphatewas the only phosphate used and was present in substantially equalamount with the ammonium sulfate; and in the second instance diammoniumphosphate alone was used in like amount.

An aqueous solution containing the ammonium phosphate alone, which wehave used with good results, is as follows:

Mono or di-ammonium phosphate pounds l /2 Water gallons-.. 50

A typical product of our invention is cigarette paper made from fiax orother vegetable fiber pulp, and calcium carbonate filler, as basicconstituents, and impregnated with the foregoing chemical solution. Thecarbonate filler may constitute about 20%-30% by weight of the paper.

The finished paper of our invention, when used as a cigarette wrapper,has characteristics that definitely identify it, and show markedimprovement over cigarette paper heretofore available. Burningcigarettes using our new paper produce the above-described smooth,uniform, gray-white ash that tucks into the fire zone of the cigarettetobacco ash, adheres to the tobacco ash and thereby prevents the usualaccidental falling of ashes on the smokers clothing.

This application is a continuation-in-part of our copending applicationsSerial Nos. 511,692, filed November 25, 1943, and 711,802, filedNovember 22, 1946, both being abandoned.

The scope of our invention is indicated in the appended claims.

We claim:

1. A combustible, cellulose, cigarette paper having improved ashingproperties when burned as the wrapper on a cigarette and containingthroughout, a carbonate filler and ammonium phosphate in an amount ofapproximately 0.2% to 0.4% phosphate (expressed as P04) which does notadversely affect the combustibility of said cigarette paper wrapper on acigarette, but upon burning of the cigarette causes the paper to producea completely burned, uniform, flaky, graywhite, non-falling ash thatmerges with the tobacco ash and adheres thereto uniformly andcontinuously throughout the length of the burned cigarette.

2. A combustible, cellulose, cigarette paper having improved ashingproperties when burned as the wrapper on a cigarette and containingthroughout, a carbonate filler and ammonium phosphate in an amount ofapproximately 0.2% to 0.4% phosphate (expressed as P04) and 0.0% to0.32% ammonium sulfate (expressed as $04), which does not adverselyaffect the combustibility of said cigarette pap-er wrap-per on acigarette, but upon burning of the cigarette causes the paper to producea completely burned, uniform, flaky, gray-white, non-falling ash thatmerges with the tobacco ash and adheres thereto uniformly andcontinuously throughout the length of the burned cigarette.

3. A combustible, cellulose, cigarette paper wrapper containingthroughout the cigarette paper wrapper, a carbonate filler andapproximately 0.2% to 0.4% ammonium phosphate (expressed as P04) thatcauses the wrapper upon burning on the cigarette to produce agrayishwhite, flaky, cohesive ash'throughout the length of thecigarette, which is characteristically free of curling black particlesand tends to adhere to the cigarette ash and not fall upon the smokersclothing.

4. A combustible, flax fiber, cigarette paper wrapper containingthroughout the wrapper, a carbonate filler and approximately 0.2% to0.4% ammonium phosphate (expressed as P04) that causes the wrapper uponburning on the cigarette to produce a grayish-white, flaky, cohesive ashthroughout the length of the cigarette, which is characteristically freeof curling black particles and tends to adhere to the cigarette ash andnot fall upon the smokers clothing.

5. A combustible cigarette paper wrap-per consisting of cellulosefibers, carbonate filler, and approximately 0.1% to 1% ammoniumphosphate (expressed as P04) that causes the wrapper upon burning on thecigarette to produce a grayish-white, flaky, cohesive ash which ischaracteristically free of curling, black particles and tends to adhereto the cigarette ash and not fall upon the smokers clothing, saidammonium phosphate alone producing these desirable properties in thecigarette paper ash and yet not retarding the combustibility of thepaper or otherwise affecting the igniting properties of the ash on theburning cigarette.

6. A combustible cigarette paper wrapper consisting of cellulose fibers,calcium carbonate filler, and approximately 0.1% to 1% ammoniumphosphate (expressed as P04).

ROBINSON E. MATTHEWS. WARD D. HARRISON,

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,879,128 Desper Sept. 2'7, 19321,909,924 Schweitzer May 16, 1933 2,503,267 Harrison et a1 Apr. 11, 1950

1. A COMBUSTIBLE, CELLULOSE, CIGARETTE PAPER HAVING IMPROVED ASHINGPROPERTIES WHEN BURNED AS THE WRAPPER ON A CIGARETTE AND CONTAININGTHROUGHOUT, A CARBONATE FILLER AND CONTAINING PHOSPHATE IN AN AMOUNT OFAPPROXIMATELY 0.2% TO 0.4% PHOSPHATE (EXPRESSED AS PO4) WHICH DOES NOTADVERSELY AFFECT THE COMBUSTIBILITY OF SAID CIGARETTE PAPER WRAPPER ON ACIGARETTE, BUT UPON BURNING OF THE CIGARETTE CAUSES THE PAPER TO PRODUCEA COMPLETELY BURNED, UNIFORM, FLAKY, GRAYWHITE, NON-FALLING ASH THATMERGES WITH THE TOBACCO ASH AND ADHERES THERETO UNIFORMLY ANDCONTINUOUSLY THROUGHOUT THE LENGTH OF THE BURNED CIGARETTE.